Мицеллярные эффекты димерных катионных ПАВ в реакциях щелочного гидролиза ацилсодержащих субстратов. Роль структуры ПАВ и субстрата. Обзор

  • Т. М. Прокопьева Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение «Институт физико-органической химии и углехимии им. Л.М. Литвиненко» Донецк, Россия
  • И. А. Белоусова Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение «Институт физико-органической химии и углехимии им. Л.М. Литвиненко» Донецк, Россия
  • Т. А. Гайдаш Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение «Институт физико-органической химии и углехимии им. Л.М. Литвиненко» Донецк, Россия https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6430-2433
  • Н. Г. Разумова Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение «Институт физико-органической химии и углехимии им. Л.М. Литвиненко» Донецк, Россия https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5063-1383
  • А. A. Котенко Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение «Институт физико-органической химии и углехимии им. Л.М.Литвиненко» Донецк, Россия
  • В. А. Михайлов Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение «Институт физико-органической химии и углехимии им. Л.М. Литвиненко» Донецк, Россия https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4184-1805
Ключевые слова: ацилсодержащие субстраты, димерные катионные ПАВ, щелочной гидролиз, мицеллярный катализ

Аннотация

Установление природы влияния организованных микрогетерогенных систем (ОМС) на реакционную способность гидроксид-иона в процессах щелочного гидролиза ацилсодержащих субстратов в рамках подхода «структура ПАВ / субстрата – свойство – мицеллярные эффекты» – основа создания высокоэффективных нуклеофильных систем для разложения экотоксикантов, в том числе, фосфорорганических соединений. Кинетические закономерности щелочного гидролиза в микрогетерогенных системах на базе димерных катионных, функционализированных ПАВ и их мономерных аналогов проанализированы с использованием псевдофазной распределительной модели. Максимальный каталитический эффект при переносе процесса из воды в мицеллы детергентов достигает от 10 до 102 раз. Увеличение скорости реакции связано не только с концентрированием реагентов в мицеллярной псевдофазе, но и с изменением нуклеофильности гидроксид-иона, обусловленного характером микроокружения. Мицеллярные эффекты ПАВ зависят от гидрофобности субстрата и детергента (длины алкильного «хвоста», природы полярной группы и мостикового звена). Введение гидроксильной группы в мостиковое звено создает дополнительные возможности для межмолекулярных взаимодействий и обеспечивает рост наблюдаемых скоростей реакции по сравнению с мономерными детергентами и димерными ПАВ с метиленовыми мостиковыми фрагментами.

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Опубликован
2024-06-28
Как цитировать
Прокопьева, Т. М., Белоусова, И. А., Гайдаш, Т. А., Разумова, Н. Г., КотенкоА. A., & Михайлов, В. А. (2024). Мицеллярные эффекты димерных катионных ПАВ в реакциях щелочного гидролиза ацилсодержащих субстратов. Роль структуры ПАВ и субстрата. Обзор. Химическая безопасность, 8(1), 26 - 51. https://doi.org/10.25514/CHS.2024.1.26003
Раздел
Материалы с новыми функциональными свойствами