Хлорорганические пестициды в грудном молоке городских жительниц Кыргызстана
Аннотация
В статье приведены результаты анализов на наличие хлорорганических пестицидов (ХОП) в грудном молоке (ГМ) городских жительниц Кыргызстана (г. Ош), в возрасте от 18 до 35 лет, родивших больных и здоровых детей в возрасте 7–28 дней на момент обследования. В I группу испытуемых вошли 57 матерей новорожденных детей, больных различными видами патологий, во II группу – 84 матери здоровых детей. ГМ обследовано на содержание 10 видов ХОП: гексахлорциклогексан (ГХЦГ) в виде α-, β-, γ-, δ-изомеров, 4,4'-дихлородифенилтрихлорэтан (4,4′-ДДТ), 4,4'-дихлордифенилдихлорэтилен (4,4′-ДДЭ), 4,4'-дихлордифенилдихлорэтан (4,4′-ДДД), альдрин, дильдрин и гептахлор, из них было обнаружено восемь, исключая δ-ГХЦГ и дильдрин. Всего ХОП обнаружены в пробах ГМ 69 из 141 жительницы (49%), максимальные обнаруженные концентрации составили 0,07527 ± 0,0097 мг/л (γ-ГХЦГ) и 0,05089 ± 0,0067 мг/л (4,4′-ДДЭ). В I группе ХОП выявлены в ГМ у 89,47% лиц, от 1 до 6 видов ХОП в одной пробе, но и во II группе также были обнаружены ХОП у 21,43% лиц (4,4′-ДДЭ и α-ГХЦГ), по 1-2 видам ХОП в одной пробе. По-видимому, существует связь между концентрацией, а также числом видов ХОП в ГМ и состоянием здоровья матерей и их детей в обеих группах. У некоторых детей, родившихся здоровыми, в дальнейшем развивались патологии именно в тех случаях, когда в ГМ матерей присутствовали ХОП. Женщин с наличием ХОП в ГМ следует отнести к группе риска с необходимостью проведения профилактического лечения до развития патологии у детей и самих матерей.
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