Инновационные технологии ликвидации последствий разливов нефти адсорбционным разделением нефти и воды. Обзор
Аннотация
Abstract - The transportation of crude and refined oil by land and sea includes the facts of the risk for the emergence of one of the sources of pollution of our planet, which is a consequence of an oil spill. The preservation of the ecological stability of the environment can be ensured by reducing the risk of accidents, as well as technologies that eliminate their consequences. The article discusses the proposed new technologies over the past three years regarding the adsorption separation of oil and water, which contribute to the elimination of the consequences of oil spills, including in water areas. The achievements of recent years regarding the choice of modifying agents, as well as the modification conditions that provide an increase in the adsorption capacity of the obtained composites, are presented. Composite materials are presented, obtained by modifying traditional adsorbents, endowed with such properties as superhydrophobicity, resistance to biological decomposition, buoyancy, and the possibility of repeated use. The individual advantages of sorbents, which are composite sponges, membranes, aerogels, hydrophobic paper, films of their polymeric microspheres and magnetic composites, are noted.
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