ASSESSMENT OF METHODS FOR CHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF WINTER ATMOSPHERIC AIR WHEN APPLYING DEICING MATERIALS
Abstract
The paper outlines the relevance of choosing an optimal method for atmospheric air chemical analysis, capable to provide an appropriate identification and quantification of salts ingredients that make up the major part of deicing materials (DMs), currently used in winter period in Moscow. Chemical composition evaluation of various types of DMs has resulted in selection of indicator ions for subsequent analytical procedures. The authors’ own experimental data on analyzing atmospheric air samples collected in winter in Moscow using various absorption devices and chemical analytical methods (i.e. ion chromatography, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry) are presented. A series of limitations of applying modern aspirators under conditions of sub-zero winter temperatures are revealed. Sodium and chlorine ion levels in the atmospheric air of Moscow are found to be significantly higher than the corresponding background level of natural origin. An urgent necessity to continue research in this area has been emphasized with the focus on improving the approach for selection of the optimal method for chemical analysis and sampling procedures, which is highly important in terms of reducing a negative impact of DMs on public health and environment.
References
Vodyanova M.A., Ushakova O.V., Doneryan L.G., Evseeva I.S. // Sovremennyye problemy nauki i obrazovaniya [Modern problems of science and education]. 2018. No. 5. P. 53 [in Russian]. DOI: 10.17513/spno.28059.
On approval of winter cleaning technology of the carriageway of highways, streets, driveways and squares (road facilities of the city of Moscow) with the use of deicing agents and granite rubble of the fraction of 2-5 mm (for winter periods starting from 2010–2011 and beyond). Government Directive of the Department of Housing and Public Utilities and Beautification of the City of Moscow No. 05-14-650/1 (updated on September 7, 2017) [in Russian].
On sanitary-epidemiological expertise, surveys, research, and testing along with toxicological, hygienic and other types of assessments. Order of Russian Agency for Health and Consumer Rights of July 19, 2007 No. 224 (updated on December 1, 2017) [in Russian].
Nikiforova E.M., Kosheleva N.E., Khaibrakhmanov T.S. // Vestnik moskovskogo universiteta [Bulletin of Moscow University]. Ser. 5: Geography. 2016. No. 3. P. 40 [in Russian].
Yakovlev A.P., Sudnik A.V. // Proceedings of Conference “Current Situation and Prospects for Development of Green Construction in the Republic of Belarus”. Minsk: National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Central Botanical Garden of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, 2018. P. 2013 [in Russian].
Korolev V.A., Sokolov V.N., Samarin E.N. // Inzhenernaya geologiya [Engineering geology]. 2009. No. 1. P. 34 [in Russian].
Shvagireva O.A. Ph. D. Thesis (Engineering). Moscow: 1999 [in Russian].
Sbitnev A.V., Vodyanova M.A., Zhurkov V.S., Akhaltseva L.V., Sycheva L.P. // Proceedings of Conference “Environment and Health. Hygiene and ecology of urbanized territories”. Moscow: FSO CSP of the Ministry of Health of Russia, 2016. P. 425 [in Russian].
Popov V.G., Sukhov I.I., Churyukina S.V. et al. // Mezhdunarodnyi nauchno-issledovatel’skii zhurnal [International Scientific Research Journal]. 2017. No. 07 (61). Part 3. P. 65 [in Russian]. DOI: 10.23670/IRJ.2017.61.046.
Afanasyev Y.A., Fomin S.A., Menshikov V.V. et al. Monitoring and methods of environmental control. Manual. Part 2. M.: Izd. MNEPU, 2001. 337 p. [in Russian].
Guidelines for Control of Atmospheric Pollution (Part I, Sections 1-9). Guiding document No. 52.04.186-89. Moscow, 1991 [in Russian].
Federal Register 1.31.2008.01738. Methods for measuring mass concentration of ammonium, potassium, sodium, magnesium, calcium, and strontium cations in drinking, mineral, table, medical-table, natural and waste water samples by ion chromatography [in Russian].
Federal Register 1.31.2008.01724. Methods for measuring mass concentration of fluoride, chloride, nitrate, phosphate and sulfate ions in drinking, mineral, table, medical table, natural and waste water samples by ion chromatography [in Russian].
GOST [State Standard] P 56219-2014 (ISO 17294-2: 2003). Water. Determination of content of 62 elements by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry [in Russian].
On approval of Hygienic Standards 2.1.6.3492-17 “Maximum permissible of pollutants in atmospheric air of urban and rural settlements (together with Hygienic Standards 2.1.6.3492-17). Resolution of Chief State Sanitary Doctor of the Russian Federation of December 22, 2017 No. 165 (updated on May 31, 2018) [in Russian].
On approval of Hygienic Standards 2.1.6.2309-07 (together with Hygienic Standards 2.1.6.2309-07.2.1.6). Resolution of Chief State Sanitary Doctor of the Russian Federation of December 19, 2007 No. 92 (updated on October 21, 2016) [in Russian].
Mass concentration of heavy metals in atmospheric air. Measurement technique by atomic absorption spectrometry with flameless atomization. Guidance document No. 52.44.593-2015 [in Russian].
Charola A.E., Rousset B., Bläuer C. // Proceedings of 4th International Conference on Salt Weathering of Buildings and Stone Sculptures. 2017. P. 16. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/320395302 (assessed 20.04.19).
Guidelines for control of atmospheric pollution. Guidance document NO. 52.04.186-89 [in Russian].
Nekrasov B.V. Fundamentals of general chemistry. V. 2. M.: Khimiya, 1973. 688 p. [in Russian].
Vinogradova A.A. Dr. habil. Thesis (Geography). M., 2004 [in Russian].
Didenko A.V., Kuzovnikova L.V., Muravlev E.V. // Proceedings of Conference “Measurement, automation, and modeling in industry and research”. Barnaul: Polzunov ASTU, 2018. P. 47 [in Russian].
Popov A.M., Labutin T.A., Zorov N.B. // Vestnik moskovskogo universiteta [Bulletin of Moscow University]. Ser. 2: Chemistry]. 2009. No. 6. P. 453 [in Russian].
Copyright (c) 2019 N. S. Antropova, M. A. Vodyanova, A. V. Sbitnev, E. G. Abramov, and A. E. Sereda
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
