Chemical safety assessment of the presence in the air of modern residential buildings, substances with a sensitizing effect
Abstract
Negative trends in indicators of allergic disease in the population may be due to exposure to chemicals that pollute the air environment of residential and public buildings. The article provides a hygienic assessment of chemical factors affecting a person in residential and public buildings and with allergenic effects. The chemical substances most frequently polluting the indoor air environment were identified, and the sources of their receipt were identified. It has been established that of the 52 substances most frequently found in the air of residential premises chemical compounds, 4 are classical allergens and 10 substances can cause allergic reactions. Special attention was paid to the main household chemical allergen – formaldehyde. It has been revealed that the main sources of formaldehyde entering the air, as well as substances of many other substances that cause an allergic reaction — styrene, benzene, ethylbenzene, xylene, toluene, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, are building and finishing materials. Based on the results of the research, recommendations have been developed to reduce the risk of the development of allergic diseases caused by chemical household factors, among which the basic requirement is to control the development, production, use of polymeric building and finishing materials.Key words: allergic diseases, environmental factors, chemical pollution, household allergen.
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