Evaluation of the toxicity of the rare-earth elements La and Ce on the responses of cyanobacteria
Abstract
Reliable information about the most sensitive test organisms to pollutants is necessary for an objective assessment of the ecological state of the environment. Currently, rare earth elements (REE) are in demand in high-tech industries, but they do not have sanitary and environmental impact standards. Based on these positions, the aim of our work was to compare the sensitivity of three species of cyanobacteria (CB) to low doses of La3+ and Ce3+. We have carried out bioassay of La and Ce sulfate solutions according to the reactions of Nostoc muscorum Ag., Nostoc paludosum Kütz. and Nostoc linckia (Roth.) Born and Flah. The calculated concentrations of La3+ and Ce3+ were 0.0001 and 0.001 mg/l. We found that, according to the content of chlorophyll a and the concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA), the sensitivity of cyanobacteria to REE decreases in the following order: N. linckia > N. paludosum > N. muscorum. In the most sensitive species N. linckia in a solution of "0.001 mg/l La3+" chlorophyll a was reduced by 4.2 times, and MDA increased by 2.2 times compared with the control. Thus, the N. linckia demonstrated the classical pattern of oxidative stress in response to the action of La3+ and Ce3+ ions. This test organism can be recommended for biomonitoring of water bodies potentially affected by REE.
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