La(III), Cu(II) and their combinations effect on the unicellular alga Scenedesmus quadricauda (Turp.) Breb
Abstract
Metals enter the environment together. The aim of the work was to evaluate the effect of La(III), Cu(II) and their combination (1:1) on the unicellular alga Scenedesmus quadricauda (Turp.) Breb at low concentrations of metals in the aquatic environment. CuSO4·5H2O and La2(SO4)3·8H2O salts were added to drinking water to achieve concentrations of 0.000008‒0.0016 mmol/l calculated per metal ion or their sum (1:1). Biotesting was carried out using the method of accounting for the number of algae cells after 72 hours of exposure. The effect of Cu(II) had a slight stimulating effect: the number of cells increased maximally in solutions with 0.0008 and 0.0016 mmol/l of metal (1.2‒1.3 relative to control). La(III) significantly stimulated increasing amount of algae cells (4.2‒11.1 times) for the entire range of tested concentrations. With the combined effect of Cu(II) and La(III), the hormesis was of medium intensity compared to the effects of the metals separately (1.8‒2.9 times of the control). Thus, it was shown for the first time that vital concentrations of Cu(II), La(III) and their combinations in the aquatic environment lead to an increase in the reproduction of green algae. The effects of La(III) exceed the essential effect of Cu(II). Consequently, even a minor influx of metals into aquatic ecosystems can lead to their eutrophication.
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