Application of magnetic molecular imprinted polymers for on-line dynamic concentration of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and its subsequent determination in soil
Abstract
A method of dynamic on-line concentration of the pesticide 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) using molecular imprinted magnetic sorbents modified with N-vinylcaprolactame or N-vinylpyrrolidone is proposed. For this purpose, a cartridge (volume of 5 cm3) with a sorbent immobilized on the walls and a stirrer made of polymer material was used. The best results were obtained using molecular imprinted polymers based on N-vinylpyrrolidone: the degree of extraction is 95%, the distribution coefficient is 7850, the imprinting factor is 6.3, the concentration coefficient is 1025. The method was used to determine 2,4-D in soils (typical chernozem and leached chernozem) after alkaline extraction (aqueous NaOH solution, pH 12). The alkaline solution was acidified with hydrochloric acid (pH 2) and 100 ml of this solution was passed through a concentrating element. The determination of 2,4-D was carried out by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry in the form of methyl esters. The detection limit of 2.4-D in soil is 0.1 μg/kg. The distribution of 2,4-D concentrations over the soil profile was studied for 56 days after the introduction of the drug into the soil. A day after the application of the pesticide, the maximum concentrations of 2,4-D in the surface layer were 105 – 109 μg/kg. It was found that the rate of degradation of the pesticide accelerates on the 14th day after application. By the end of the observation period, the concentrations of 2,4-D in the soil were 3-7 μg/kg. The penetration depth of the detected concentrations was 80 cm. Precipitation has the greatest impact on the progress of 2,4-D along the soil profile.
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